Negative impacts of afforestation pdf

The ultimate guide to negativeemissions technologies quartz. Yet, like any landuse change, afforestation may also bring negative impacts, such as reduced groundwater recharge. Afforestation had negative effects on ground beetle abundance as compared to poor fields or dry grasslands. The south american rainforest, for example, influences regional and perhaps even global water cycles, and its key to the water supply in. Jan 10, 2020 studies reveal that climate change cc has higher negative impacts on agricultural production than positive impacts. Environmental effects of afforestation in northwestern. Negative impacts of largescale tree, shrub and pasture grass planting on the loess plateau.

Deforestation is the process of permanent destruction of a forest a. Afforestation and reforestation encyclopedia of life. The study investigates the impacts of afforestation on future climate and extreme events in nigeria, using a regional climate model regcm3, forced with global climate model. Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the.

In the course of time from the juvenile to the mature stage, and even more over a sequence of. Afforestation will, if it competes with food production for the same areas, lead to an increase in food prices. However, we also observed a marked increase in species richness in afforested grasslands, and the shannon and pielou evenness indices were also higher. Deforestation facts and information national geographic. Download fulltext pdf negative carbon via ocean afforestation article pdf available in process safety and environmental protection 90. Japan deforestation and afforestation program can be classified as pre wwii, during the war and after the war. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and. Afforestation and reforestation in the clean development mechanism 325 3 social and environmental impact under a laissez faire approach i argue in this section that fast growing industrial plantations are likely to dominate under a laissez faire approach and that their environmental and social implications are likely to be highly variable.

Reforestation guidelines provide opportunities to reduce the potential for increased erosion and subsequent sedimentation of water bodies and wetlands due to reforestation activities that protect. Impacts of afforestation on plant diversity, soil properties. Why we cant reverse climate change with negative emissions. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pdf potential impacts of afforestation on climate change. Betts 66 used a climate model to simulate where the benefits of afforestation i. Sep 11, 2016 introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and reforestation. Afforestation means establishing the stand of trees or a forest in a particular open area where no one had established a tree in past reforestation means reestablishment of the area under forest, it can be done by natural means like seeding, root suckers or coppice or by artificial efforts by planting or direct seeding. Afforestation has been identified as a comparatively lowcost option to sequester carbon, but sideeffects of afforestation at largescale were so far not much in the focus. Desertification has been defined as land degradation in arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities11.

The degradation of land in one form or the other is matter of serious concern. Japan and its impact on southeast asia deforestation. Potential impacts of afforestation on climate change and extreme events in nigeria. Destruction of forests also effects the soil and water quality in the immediate area and can have an adverse effect on biodiversity over a range of connected ecosystems. Causes and impacts of land degradation and desertification. The issue is which type of tree sequesters the most amount of carbon and does this have a positive or negative effect if any at all.

That is a non disputable fact, but trees are so much more. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change mitigation. In boreal areas the negative biophysical effects outweighed the biogeochemical effects. Afforestation, reforestation and other forms of conservational forestry methods are often thought to be used for stopping the effects of climate change by reducing atmospheric carbon. Natural resources management and environment department, fao, rome. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of afforestation. Afforestation over the sahel can reduce the impacts of global warming in sahel, but afforestation over savanna can enhance the impacts. Additional negative impacts of climate change on food security, with the potential of reducing access to and. Deforestation, reforestation, and afforestation the continuous evolution of digital technology across written, audio, and pictorial media has resulted in each medium of expression having an everimproving capability to create and to share our personal expressions of gratification. Pdf affornord effects of afforestation on ecosystems. Hills and mountains cover 70% and 23 of the country is forested.

Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the chinese loess plateau and proposed solutions wenying jiang, shiling yang, xiaoxiao yang, ning gu key laboratory of cenozoic geology and environment, institute of geology and geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 29, china. In recent studies afforestation is presented as a major solution to limit climate change. Cernea is senior adviser for social policy and sociology, the world bank, environment department. Apart from some naturebased approaches, no cdr techniques are currently ready to deploy at the speed or scale. Jan 14, 2017 7 advantages and disadvantages of afforestation jan 14, 2017 jul 29, 2016 by editor in chief afforestation is the creation of forests on lands that do not have them for some amount of time, such as previous forests that were converted to ranges, though it is also the act of establishing forests on lands that are not forested at all in the past. Reforestation may lower the climate change mitigation. Many nets remove the co2 from the atmosphere biologically through photosynthesis the simplest example being afforestation, or planting more trees. In chinas loess plateau where afforestation programs like the grain for green project have transformed 3.

Potential impacts of afforestation on climate change and. This discussion is becoming more intensive in countries where afforesta. Harvesting consumed billon m3 in timber volume from 1949 to 2003. Economic changes and afforestation incentives in rural china cnrs. Negative emissions technologies and reliable sequestration. Impacts of afforestation, deforestation, and reforestation on. Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the chinese loess plateau and proposed solutions article in quaternary international 399 may 2015 with 649 reads how we measure reads. Climate change mitigation through afforestation reforestation. Afforestation and reforestation projects under the clean development mechanism preface the first afforestation and reforestation baseline and monitoring methodology under the clean development mechanism was approved by the executive board of the cdm in 2005, and yet to date only 52 afforestation and reforestation projects have been registered. In the present article, we have summarized the literature on this subject for china to illustrate the frequently negative results of chinas afforestation policy during the past 50 years, and have discussed the problems that led to these failures.

The potential negative impacts of climate change on dry forests are of particular concern since dry forest soils are particularly susceptible to wind and water erosion. Afforestation vs reforestation the brain bank north west. Negative impacts of carbon sequestration strategies. Our experience with plantation forestry as it has developed this century offers us an excellent platform for rising to these. There is a threat that the emerging market for carbon sequestration could encourage afforestation and reforestation based on large scale forestry schemes, which focus on simple forest types, land. The cbd addresses the potential impact of afforestation and. This study presents an argument that afforestation may have bigger impacts than originally thought by previous studies. Positive and negative impacts of modern agricultural techniques. Afforestation is the primary factor increasing forest cover in china. Yet the effects of deforestation reach much farther. The modern agricultural system has both positive and negative impacts on our environment and ecosystem. Carnegie climate policy brief governance initiative. Effects of afforestation on water resource variations in the.

Nigeria crude oil and natural gas industry and their impacts on the forests. When we think about trees, the first thing that comes to our mind is that trees are lungs of our planet. Recognising the need for effective decision making in relation to landuse change, this timely book develops a series of tools for estimating the environmental impacts of afforestation. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. Cumulative areas of afforestation in china from 1949 to 2003 were 241 million ha, of which 90 million ha eventually established as plantation forests, i. Jun 14, 2016 i will explain in points to make everyone understand better there are few differences given here to satisfy your question how are deforestation and afforestation different. Oct 12, 2018 i became involved in the debate because two of the most prominent negative emissions technologies involve co2 capture and storage ccs, a technology that i have been researching for almost 30 years. While afforestation can restore previously forested areas and help to remove carbon dioxide, it can have detrimental effects on species diversity and agriculture profits. Loess is a windblown, generally siltsized material liu, 1985, yang and ding, 2004.

Moreover, the risks in global mitigation policy and the negative trade. Forests climate change, biodiversity and land degradation. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Afforestation is usually thought as a good approach to mitigate impacts of warming over a region. Advantages and disadvantages of afforestation sciencing. This can be achieved by ensuring that deforestation is kept to a minimum and afforestation only occurs on truly degraded land. These three terms are afforestation, reforestation and forest improvement 2. While it is intended to restore previously forested regions and help remove carbon dioxide, it is also said to have detrimental effects on diversity and agricultural profits. Social development department hydropower dams and social impacts. Forest has many diverse environmental functions, and afforestation is the most effective way to promote and restore environmental functions and. Impacts of vegetation change on the regional surface climate. People would certainly think that deforestation would not be something good for the environment, and afforestation would cause a positive impact on the environment. In these cases afforestation was either unrestricted, prevented in the boreal zone, or limited to the tropical zone.

Afforestation can restore forests, and also helps protect again soil erosion and. Afforestation and reforestation projects under the clean. Afforestation in west africa could have both positive and negative impacts on the future climate in the sahel, depending on the location of the afforestation. It should be emphasised that the list of impacts is by no means exhaustive and that a full investigation into positive and negative impacts should be undertaken.

Research article impacts of vegetation change on the. In this report, land degradation is defined as a negative trend 4 in land condition, caused by direct or indirect humaninduced processes including anthropogenic 5 climate change, expressed as longterm reduction or loss of at least one of the following. In order to reduce andor mitigate the potential adverse effects of increasing temperature on. The scientist had found proofs that afforestation has the negative impact.

Damage caused to the environment by reforestation policies. The following points highlight the five main impacts of agriculture on environment. If an afforestation or reforestation project is perceived as being an impediment to local livelihoods, it may create an incentive for illegal harvesting or clearing, also threatening the permanence of carbon sequestration. However, possible negative impacts must also be taken into account in order to protect the planet as a whole. Deforestation, reforestation, and afforestation blog.

We found in this study that afforestation had significant and negative impacts on the cover and aboveground biomass of the herbaceous community, confirming the results of previous research. Afforestation and reforestation in the clean development. The effects of forest degradation on ecosystems sciencing. Japan has a cool temperate climate to the north and tropical climate to the south. Finally, we suggest plant types suitable for ecological restoration and discuss the related prospects of economic development in the chinese loess plateau. It has to be noted that both reforestation and afforestation can be advantageous when tackling global warming. Effect of nationalscale afforestation on forest water supply. Ecological and socioeconomic effects of chinas policies. Five scenarios were analysed, one in which a co 2 price on landusechange emissions avoids deforestation and threewheretheco 2 pricecreatedanadditionalincentive for afforestation. Remaining forests also suffer from pollution and selective logging operations that degrade the integrity of local ecosystems. Sep 27, 2012 afforestation is usually thought as a good approach to mitigate impacts of warming over a region.

The social impacts of forestry were investigated in five case study areas. Afforestation for restoration of land and climate change. Possibility that these could be produced with net negative emissions possible benefit for agricultural productivity through application of biochar program managers contract thirdparty engineering design and estimation firms to provide engineering and economic assessments of technologies under consideration for scaleup stagegates. Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees forestation in an area where there was no previous tree cover many government and nongovernmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture sometimes special tools, such as a tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster. The afforestation work related to the project has effects with economic impact on the poor, through employment in tree planting, priority provision of wood and fuel, and reduced drought damage due to elevated water tables. Social development impact through the activities of vfpmcs has also been observed. Furthermore, village density in the mongolian plateau has had a negative impact on changes in water resources, which suggests that anthropogenic activities such as the development of stockbreeding, afforestation, etc. Damage caused to the environment by reforestation policies in. I will explain in points to make everyone understand better there are few differences given here to satisfy your question how are deforestation and afforestation different. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change. The effect of afforestation on soil moisture content in. Impacts of climate change on oil palm production in malaysia. Ca through plant uptake, lowering the soil moisture content both by its dense root system and by making the soil hydrophobic and taking light away from the crop due to its dense and long canopy. Request pdf negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the chinese loess plateau and proposed solutions severe loss of soil and water on.

To better understand deforestation, degradation and fragmentation, it is important to revisit three additional terms that are often used to highlight positive changes in forest areas. Consequences of plantation harvest during tropical forest restoration in uganda. Early consultation with the environment agency, and other. A scenariobased analysis of afforestation in jiangxi province, china enjunma, 1 anpingliu, 1 xingli, 1 fengwu, 2 andjinyanzhan 2 school of mathematics and physics, china university of geosciences wuhan, wuhan, china. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and reforestation. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. Afforestation has been identified as a comparatively lowcost option to sequester carbon, but side effects of afforestation at largescale were so far not much in the focus. Impact of afforestation levels on future timber supply. However, estimates of afforestation potential vary widely.

Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation. The giant panda brought as much attention to chinas deforestation and potential extinction of its rare bird and mammal species as chinese own realization of the importance of forests to their quality of life. Social impacts of land use change to plantation forestry. The term afforestation is most often used in conjunction with discussions of carbon sequestration, which is the process by which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Therefore, this article attempts to explore the impacts of cc on oil palm production in malaysia and provides mitigation and adaptation strategies towards reducing such impacts.